Publication

This directory features lending and nonlending programs that are being supported by the Bank and that are targeted to improve the situation of young children between zero and eight years of age. In addition to description of early child development (ECD) projects and project components, it also includes economic and sector work and capacity-building initiatives that support project generation and implementation.

The East Asian region is extremely dynamic in terms of both economic, and socio-political changes. Starting from very low levels of development in the 1960s, several economies in the region, such as the Republic of Korea, Singapore, Taiwan (China), and Hong Kong (China), have been able to achieve, and maintain significantly higher levels of economic growth, compared to many other developing countries. There are a number of factors which have helped fuel these high rates of growth, and education is one such factor.

Trinidad and Tobago has experienced increasing social problems relating to its youth population despite the economy's improved performance. The report aims to uncover and analyze key issues facing the youths, explore a rationale for investing in youth development activities, review current services for youth, examine the existing and proposed policy and legislation relating to youth and capacity for its implementation, and propose interventions to reduce the risks faced by youths and increase the potential for social and human capital development.

The women's movement in India progressed during the period of high nationalism and the freedom struggle, both of which shaped its contours. Among the movement's many achievements, the most significant were the constitutional guarantees of equal rights for women and universal adult suffrage. However, these guarantees did little to bring about social and material change in the lives of most Indian women. A New Women's movement, articulated to mass and popular politics, emerged in the 1970s.

Balochistan Province initiated two pilot programs, attempting to induce the creation of private schools for the poor. This study reviews the factors which led to the success in urban areas, and the relative failure in rural areas. These factors include the larger supplies of children not served by government schools, the better availability of teachers, and, more educated parents in urban, than in rural communities. The use of experienced school operators in the urban pilot, was another critical difference.

This document describes the underlying principles of the approach, the development of the specific participatory tools, and the results of the field tests done in four African countries (Botswana, Kenya, Uganda, and Zimbabwe). Participatory Hygiene and Sanitation Transformation (PHAST) is unique because the underlying basis for the approach is that no lasting change in people's behavior will occur without understanding and believing.

This case study derives from activities carried out by the RADMASTE Centre (Centre for Research and Development in Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, University of the Witwatersrand) during the past 9 years. The mission of this Centre is to improve the quality, relevance and accessibility of mathematics, science and technology education. The strategy is to focus on long-term benefits with maximum leverage and to accompany our developmental work with research wherever possible.

This paper presents a synthesis of the empirical literature on intra household time use in developing countries. It discusses the importance of studying time allocated to various activities--market work for wages, work on the family enterprise, and different kinds of housework--from a policy standpoint.

The Cuban educational system has long enjoyed a reputation for high quality. This paper highlights ways in which the Cuban educational system, despite the dismal economic picture of the past decade, adopted features that research has identified as characterizing a high-quality education system.

The study reviews tertiary education in Sub-Saharan Africa, in light of persistent pressures to expand access to education, despite declining quality, and mere funding possibilities. It identifies multiple symptoms for this fundamental imbalance, such as overcrowded, and poorly equipped learning facilities, declining research output, and irrelevant curricula, as some of the most notorious. The argument questions how Africa might improve the balance between access to tertiary education and funding, without sacrificing quality of education.